The sources and the quality of raw water determine the type of treatments to be undertaken. For example, if the water is drawn from deep tube-wells, coagulation and filtration are not necessary. Only softening may be necessary where the water is hard, or aeration where the water contains excessive iron taste or odour. For surface water, flocculation and disinfection are [...]
After reading this article you will learn about the primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of industrial effluents. Primary Treatment of Industrial Effluents: It is of general nature and is used for removing suspended solids, odour, colour and to neutralize the high or low pH. It involves methods of: (i) Screening (ii) Neutralization (iii) Equalization (iv) Sedimentation (v) Coagulation Some general [...]
This article throws light upon the top five elemental cycles involved in the treatment of sewage. The elemental cycles are: 1. Calcium Cycle 2. Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle 5. Sulphur Cycle. Treatment of Sewage: Elemental Cycle # 1. Calcium Cycle: The surface run off from rivers, lakes, streams, seas etc. is consumed by plants which in [...]